En este artículo, veremos cómo podemos diseñar el juego de la serpiente simple usando PyQt5.
Snake es el nombre común de un concepto de videojuego en el que el jugador maniobra una línea que crece en longitud, siendo la línea en sí misma un obstáculo principal. El concepto se originó en el juego de arcade Blockade de 1976, y la facilidad de implementar Snake ha llevado a cientos de versiones (algunas de las cuales tienen la palabra serpiente o gusano en el título) para muchas plataformas.
Pasos de implementación:
1. Cree una ventana principal, agréguele una barra de estado para mostrar la puntuación y cree un objeto de clase de tablero y agréguelo como widget central
2. Cree una clase llamada tablero que herede el QFrame
3. Dentro de la clase de tablero cree un objeto de temporizador que llama al método de temporizador después de cierta cantidad de tiempo
4. Dentro del método de temporizador llama a otra acción del juego de la serpiente como movimiento, comida comida y si la serpiente se suicidó
5. Cree un método de evento de pulsación de tecla que verifique si las teclas de flecha están pulsado y cambiar la dirección de la serpiente de acuerdo con él.
6. Cree un método de evento de pintura que dibuje la serpiente y la comida
7. Cree un método de movimiento para mover la serpiente según la dirección
8. Cree un método de comida consumida que verifique la posición actual de la serpiente y la posición si se come comida, elimine la comida actual, aumente la longitud de la serpiente y suelte una nueva comida en una ubicación aleatoria.
9. Cree un método de verificación de suicidio que verifique si la posición de la cabeza de serpiente es similar a la posición del cuerpo o no, si las coincidencias detienen el temporizador y muestran el mensaje
A continuación se muestra la implementación.
# importing libraries
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
import random
import sys
# creating game window
class Window(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super(Window, self).__init__()
# creating a board object
self.board = Board(self)
# creating a status bar to show result
self.statusbar = self.statusBar()
# adding border to the status bar
self.statusbar.setStyleSheet("border : 2px solid black;")
# calling showMessage method when signal received by board
self.board.msg2statusbar[str].connect(self.statusbar.showMessage)
# adding board as a central widget
self.setCentralWidget(self.board)
# setting title to the window
self.setWindowTitle('Snake game')
# setting geometry to the window
self.setGeometry(100, 100, 600, 400)
# starting the board object
self.board.start()
# showing the main window
self.show()
# creating a board class
# that inherits QFrame
class Board(QFrame):
# creating signal object
msg2statusbar = pyqtSignal(str)
# speed of the snake
# timer countdown time
SPEED = 80
# block width and height
WIDTHINBLOCKS = 60
HEIGHTINBLOCKS = 40
# constructor
def __init__(self, parent):
super(Board, self).__init__(parent)
# creating a timer
self.timer = QBasicTimer()
# snake
self.snake = [[5, 10], [5, 11]]
# current head x head
self.current_x_head = self.snake[0][0]
# current y head
self.current_y_head = self.snake[0][1]
# food list
self.food = []
# growing is false
self.grow_snake = False
# board list
self.board = []
# direction
self.direction = 1
# called drop food method
self.drop_food()
# setting focus
self.setFocusPolicy(Qt.StrongFocus)
# square width method
def square_width(self):
return self.contentsRect().width() / Board.WIDTHINBLOCKS
# square height
def square_height(self):
return self.contentsRect().height() / Board.HEIGHTINBLOCKS
# start method
def start(self):
# msg for status bar
# score = current len - 2
self.msg2statusbar.emit(str(len(self.snake) - 2))
# starting timer
self.timer.start(Board.SPEED, self)
# paint event
def paintEvent(self, event):
# creating painter object
painter = QPainter(self)
# getting rectangle
rect = self.contentsRect()
# board top
boardtop = rect.bottom() - Board.HEIGHTINBLOCKS * self.square_height()
# drawing snake
for pos in self.snake:
self.draw_square(painter, rect.left() + pos[0] * self.square_width(),
boardtop + pos[1] * self.square_height())
# drawing food
for pos in self.food:
self.draw_square(painter, rect.left() + pos[0] * self.square_width(),
boardtop + pos[1] * self.square_height())
# drawing square
def draw_square(self, painter, x, y):
# color
color = QColor(0x228B22)
# painting rectangle
painter.fillRect(x + 1, y + 1, self.square_width() - 2,
self.square_height() - 2, color)
# key press event
def keyPressEvent(self, event):
# getting key pressed
key = event.key()
# if left key pressed
if key == Qt.Key_Left:
# if direction is not right
if self.direction != 2:
# set direction to left
self.direction = 1
# if right key is pressed
elif key == Qt.Key_Right:
# if direction is not left
if self.direction != 1:
# set direction to right
self.direction = 2
# if down key is pressed
elif key == Qt.Key_Down:
# if direction is not up
if self.direction != 4:
# set direction to down
self.direction = 3
# if up key is pressed
elif key == Qt.Key_Up:
# if direction is not down
if self.direction != 3:
# set direction to up
self.direction = 4
# method to move the snake
def move_snake(self):
# if direction is left change its position
if self.direction == 1:
self.current_x_head, self.current_y_head = self.current_x_head - 1, self.current_y_head
# if it goes beyond left wall
if self.current_x_head < 0:
self.current_x_head = Board.WIDTHINBLOCKS - 1
# if direction is right change its position
if self.direction == 2:
self.current_x_head, self.current_y_head = self.current_x_head + 1, self.current_y_head
# if it goes beyond right wall
if self.current_x_head == Board.WIDTHINBLOCKS:
self.current_x_head = 0
# if direction is down change its position
if self.direction == 3:
self.current_x_head, self.current_y_head = self.current_x_head, self.current_y_head + 1
# if it goes beyond down wall
if self.current_y_head == Board.HEIGHTINBLOCKS:
self.current_y_head = 0
# if direction is up change its position
if self.direction == 4:
self.current_x_head, self.current_y_head = self.current_x_head, self.current_y_head - 1
# if it goes beyond up wall
if self.current_y_head < 0:
self.current_y_head = Board.HEIGHTINBLOCKS
# changing head position
head = [self.current_x_head, self.current_y_head]
# inset head in snake list
self.snake.insert(0, head)
# if snake grow is False
if not self.grow_snake:
# pop the last element
self.snake.pop()
else:
# show msg in status bar
self.msg2statusbar.emit(str(len(self.snake)-2))
# make grow_snake to false
self.grow_snake = False
# time event method
def timerEvent(self, event):
# checking timer id
if event.timerId() == self.timer.timerId():
# call move snake method
self.move_snake()
# call food collision method
self.is_food_collision()
# call is suicide method
self.is_suicide()
# update the window
self.update()
# method to check if snake collides itself
def is_suicide(self):
# traversing the snake
for i in range(1, len(self.snake)):
# if collision found
if self.snake[i] == self.snake[0]:
# show game ended msg in status bar
self.msg2statusbar.emit(str("Game Ended"))
# making background color black
self.setStyleSheet("background-color : black;")
# stopping the timer
self.timer.stop()
# updating the window
self.update()
# method to check if the food cis collied
def is_food_collision(self):
# traversing the position of the food
for pos in self.food:
# if food position is similar of snake position
if pos == self.snake[0]:
# remove the food
self.food.remove(pos)
# call drop food method
self.drop_food()
# grow the snake
self.grow_snake = True
# method to drop food on screen
def drop_food(self):
# creating random co-ordinates
x = random.randint(3, 58)
y = random.randint(3, 38)
# traversing if snake position is not equal to the
# food position so that food do not drop on snake
for pos in self.snake:
# if position matches
if pos == [x, y]:
# call drop food method again
self.drop_food()
# append food location
self.food.append([x, y])
# main method
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication([])
window = Window()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
Producción :
Publicación traducida automáticamente
Artículo escrito por rakshitarora y traducido por Barcelona Geeks. The original can be accessed here. Licence: CCBY-SA