Requisitos previos: Introducción a tkinter | Encuentre el clima actual de cualquier ciudad
Python ofrece múltiples opciones para desarrollar GUI (interfaz gráfica de usuario). De todos los métodos GUI, tkinter es el método más utilizado. Es una interfaz estándar de Python para el kit de herramientas Tk GUI que se envía con Python. Python con tkinter genera la forma más rápida y sencilla de crear aplicaciones GUI. Ahora, depende de la imaginación o la necesidad del desarrollador, lo que quiera desarrollar con este conjunto de herramientas.
Para crear un tkinter:
- Importando el módulo – tkinter
- Crear la ventana principal (contenedor)
- Agregue cualquier cantidad de widgets a la ventana principal.
- Aplique el evento Trigger en los widgets.
Vamos a crear una aplicación simple de detección del clima en tiempo real basada en GUI que pueda brindar detalles del clima de cualquier ciudad.
Módulos requeridos:
tkinter requests json
A continuación se muestra la implementación:
Python3
# import all functions from the tkinter
from tkinter import * from tkinter import messagebox
# function to find weather details
# of any city using openweathermap api
def tell_weather() :
# import required modules
import requests, json
# enter your api key here
api_key = "Your_API_key"
# base_url variable to store url
base_url = "http://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?"
# take a city name from city_field entry box
city_name = city_field.get()
# complete_url variable to store complete url address
complete_url = base_url + "appid =" + api_key
+ "&q =" + city_name
# get method of requests module
# return response object
response = requests.get(complete_url)
# json method of response object convert
# json format data into python format data
x = response.json()
# now x contains list of nested dictionaries
# we know dictionary contains key value pair
# check the value of "cod" key is equal to "404"
# or not if not that means city is found
# otherwise city is not found
if x["cod"] != "404" :
# store the value of "main" key in variable y
y = x["main"]
# store the value corresponding to the "temp" key of y
current_temperature = y["temp"]
# store the value corresponding to the "pressure" key of y
current_pressure = y["pressure"]
# store the value corresponding to the "humidity" key of y
current_humidity = y["humidity"]
# store the value of "weather" key in variable z
z = x["weather"]
# store the value corresponding to the "description" key
# at the 0th index of z
weather_description = z[0]["description"]
# insert method inserting the
# value in the text entry box.
temp_field.insert(15, str(current_temperature) + " Kelvin")
atm_field.insert(10, str(current_pressure) + " hPa")
humid_field.insert(15, str(current_humidiy) + " %")
desc_field.insert(10, str(weather_description) )
# if city is not found
else :
# message dialog box appear which
# shows given Error message
messagebox.showerror("Error", "City Not Found \n"
"Please enter valid city name")
# clear the content of city_field entry box
city_field.delete(0, END)
# Function for clearing the
# contents of all text entry boxes
def clear_all() :
city_field.delete(0, END)
temp_field.delete(0, END)
atm_field.delete(0, END)
humid_field.delete(0, END)
desc_field.delete(0, END)
# set focus on the city_field entry box
city_field.focus_set()
# Driver code
if __name__ == "__main__" :
# Create a GUI window
root = Tk()
# set the name of tkinter GUI window
root.title("Gui Application")
# Set the background colour of GUI window
root.configure(background = "light green")
# Set the configuration of GUI window
root.geometry("425x175")
# Create a Weather Gui Application label
headlabel = Label(root, text = "Weather Gui Application",
fg = 'black', bg = 'red')
# Create a City name : label
label1 = Label(root, text = "City name : ",
fg = 'black', bg = 'dark green')
# Create a City name : label
label2 = Label(root, text = "Temperature :",
fg = 'black', bg = 'dark green')
# Create a atm pressure : label
label3 = Label(root, text = "atm pressure :",
fg = 'black', bg = 'dark green')
# Create a humidity : label
label4 = Label(root, text = "humidity :",
fg = 'black', bg = 'dark green')
# Create a description :label
label5 = Label(root, text = "description :",
fg = 'black', bg = 'dark green')
# grid method is used for placing
# the widgets at respective positions
# in table like structure .
headlabel.grid(row = 0, column = 1)
label1.grid(row = 1, column = 0, sticky ="E")
label2.grid(row = 3, column = 0, sticky ="E")
label3.grid(row = 4, column = 0, sticky ="E")
label4.grid(row = 5, column = 0, sticky ="E")
label5.grid(row = 6, column = 0, sticky ="E")
# Create a text entry box
# for filling or typing the information.
city_field = Entry(root)
temp_field = Entry(root)
atm_field = Entry(root)
humid_field = Entry(root)
desc_field = Entry(root)
# grid method is used for placing
# the widgets at respective positions
# in table like structure .
# ipadx keyword argument set width of entry space .
city_field.grid(row = 1, column = 1, ipadx ="100")
temp_field.grid(row = 3, column = 1, ipadx ="100")
atm_field.grid(row = 4, column = 1, ipadx ="100")
humid_field.grid(row = 5, column = 1, ipadx ="100")
desc_field.grid(row = 6, column = 1, ipadx ="100")
# Create a Submit Button and attached
# to tell_weather function
button1 = Button(root, text = "Submit", bg = "red",
fg = "black", command = tell_weather)
# Create a Clear Button and attached
# to clear_all function
button2 = Button(root, text = "Clear", bg = "red",
fg = "black", command = clear_all)
# grid method is used for placing
# the widgets at respective positions
# in table like structure .
button1.grid(row = 2, column = 1)
button2.grid(row = 7, column = 1)
# Start the GUI
root.mainloop()
Producción :
