Arrays en C/C++ – Part 1

Formación

1. Es un grupo de variables de tipos de datos similares referidos por un solo elemento.
2. Sus elementos se almacenan en una ubicación de memoria contigua.
3. El tamaño de la array debe mencionarse al declararla.
4. Los elementos de la array siempre se cuentan desde cero (0) en adelante.
5. Se puede acceder a los elementos del arreglo usando la posición del elemento en el arreglo.
6. La array puede tener una o más dimensiones.
    

Una array en C / C++ o en cualquier lenguaje de programación es una colección de elementos de datos similares almacenados en ubicaciones de memoria contiguas y se puede acceder a los elementos aleatoriamente utilizando índices de una array. Se pueden usar para almacenar la colección de tipos de datos primitivos como int, float, double, char, etc. de cualquier tipo en particular. Para agregarle, una array en C/C++ puede almacenar tipos de datos derivados como estructuras, punteros, etc. A continuación se muestra la representación gráfica de una array.
 

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
 
int main()
{
    // array declaration by specifying size
    int arr1[10];
   
    // With recent C/C++ versions, we can also
    // declare an array of user specified size
    int n = 10;
    int arr2[n];
     
    return 0;
}
 
// This code is contributed by sarajadhav12052009

#include <stdio.h>
 
int main(void)
{   
    // Array declaration by specifying size
    int arr1[10];
 
    // With recent C/C++ versions, we can also
    // declare an array of user specified size
    int n = 10;
    int arr2[n];
     
    return (0);
}

// Array declaration by initializing elements
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    int arr[] = { 10, 20, 30, 40};
    return 0;
// Compiler creates an array of size 4.
// above is same as  "int arr[4] = {10, 20, 30, 40}"
}

// Array declaration by initializing elements
#include <stdio.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    int arr[] = { 10, 20, 30, 40};
    // Compiler creates an array of size 4.
    // above is same as  "int arr[4] = {10, 20, 30, 40}"
   
    return (0);
}
 
// This code is contributed by sarajadhav12052009

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
 
int main()
{
    // Array declaration by specifying size and initializing
    // elements
    int arr[6] = { 10, 20, 30, 40 };
 
    // Compiler creates an array of size 6, initializes first
    // 4 elements as specified by user and rest two elements as
    // 0. above is same as  "int arr[] = {10, 20, 30, 40, 0, 0}"
     
    return 0;
}
 
// This code is contributed by sarajadhav12052009

#include <stdio.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    // Array declaration by specifying size and initializing
    // elements
    int arr[6] = { 10, 20, 30, 40 };
 
    // Compiler creates an array of size 6, initializes first
    // 4 elements as specified by user and rest two elements as
    // 0. above is same as  "int arr[] = {10, 20, 30, 40, 0, 0}"
     
    return (0);
}

#include <stdio.h>
 
int main()
{
    int arr[5];
    arr[0] = 5;
    arr[2] = -10;
    arr[3 / 2] = 2; // this is same as arr[1] = 2
    arr[3] = arr[0];
 
    printf("%d %d %d %d", arr[0],
           arr[1], arr[2], arr[3]);
 
    return 0;
}

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
 
int main()
{
    int arr[5];
    arr[0] = 5;
    arr[2] = -10;
 
    // this is same as arr[1] = 2
    arr[3 / 2] = 2;
    arr[3] = arr[0];
 
    cout << arr[0] << " " << arr[1] << " " << arr[2] << " "
         << arr[3];
 
    return 0;
}

// This C program compiles fine
// as index out of bound
// is not checked in C.
 
#include <stdio.h>
 
int main()
{
    int arr[2];
 
    printf("%d ", arr[3]);
    printf("%d ", arr[-2]);
 
    return 0;
}

// This C++ program compiles fine
// as index out of bound
// is not checked in C.
 
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
 
int main()
{
    int arr[2];
 
    cout << arr[3] << " ";
    cout << arr[-2] << " ";
 
    return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
 
    // Array declaration by initializing it
    // with more elements than specified size.
    int arr[2] = { 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 };
 
    return 0;
}

// C program to demonstrate that
// array elements are stored
// contiguous locations
 
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
    // an array of 10 integers. 
    // If arr[0] is stored at
    // address x, then arr[1] is
    // stored at x + sizeof(int)
    // arr[2] is stored at x +
    // sizeof(int) + sizeof(int)
    // and so on.
    int arr[5], i;
 
    printf("Size of integer in this compiler is %lu\n",
           sizeof(int));
 
    for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
        // The use of '&' before a variable name, yields
        // address of variable.
        printf("Address arr[%d] is %p\n", i, &arr[i]);
 
    return 0;
}

// C++ program to demonstrate that array elements
// are stored contiguous locations
 
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
 
int main()
{
    // an array of 10 integers. 
    // If arr[0] is stored at
    // address x, then arr[1] is
    // stored at x + sizeof(int)
    // arr[2] is stored at x +
    // sizeof(int) + sizeof(int)
    // and so on.
    int arr[5], i;
 
    cout << "Size of integer in this compiler is "
         << sizeof(int) << "\n";
 
    for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
        // The use of '&' before a variable name, yields
        // address of variable.
        cout << "Address arr[" << i << "] is " << &arr[i]
             << "\n";
 
    return 0;
}

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
 
int main()
{
    int arr[6]={11,12,13,14,15,16};
    // Way 1
    for(int i=0;i<6;i++)
        cout<<arr[i]<<" ";
   
  cout<<endl;
      // Way 2
    cout<<"By Other Method:"<<endl;
    for(int i=0;i<6;i++)  
        cout<<i[arr]<<" ";
   
    cout<<endl;
 
    return 0;
}
 
// Contributed by Akshay Pawar ( Username - akshaypawar4)

#include<stdio.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    int arr[6] = {11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16};
   
    // Way 1
    for(int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
          printf("%i ", arr[i]);
 
    printf("\n");
   
      // Way 2
    printf("By Other Method: \n");
   
    for(int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
          printf("%i ", i[arr]);
 
    printf("\n");
 
    return (0);
}
 
// This code is contributed by sarajadhav12052009