Dada una dirección IPv4 válida en forma de string y sigue el direccionamiento completo de clase . La tarea es determinar la clase de la dirección IPv4 dada, así como separar las partes de ID de red y host.
Ejemplos:
Input : 1.4.5.5 Output : Given IP address belongs to Class A Network ID is 1 Host ID is 4.5.5 Input : 130.45.151.154 Output : Given IP address belongs to Class B Network ID is 130.45 Host ID is 151.154
Acercarse
- Para determinar la clase: La idea es comprobar el primer octeto de las direcciones IP. Como sabemos, para la clase A , el primer octeto estará en el rango de 1 a 126 , para la clase B , el primer octeto estará en el rango de 128 a 191 , para la clase C , el primer octeto estará en el rango de 192 a 223 , para la clase D , el primer octeto estará en el rango de 224 a 191. 239 , para la clase E , el primer octeto oscilará entre 240 y 255 .
- Para determinar la ID de red y host: sabemos que la máscara de subred para la clase A es 8 , para la clase B es 16 y para la clase C es 24 , mientras que las clases D y E no se dividen en red e ID de host.
Para el segundo ejemplo, el primer octeto es 130. Por lo tanto, pertenece a la Clase B. La clase B tiene una máscara de subred de 16. Por lo tanto, los primeros 16 bits o los dos primeros octetos son la parte de ID de red y el resto es la parte de ID de host.
Por lo tanto, la ID de red es 130.45 y la ID de host es 151.154
C
// C program to determine class, Network
// and Host ID of an IPv4 address
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
// Function to find out the Class
char findClass(char str[])
{
// storing first octet in arr[] variable
char arr[4];
int i = 0;
while (str[i] != '.')
{
arr[i] = str[i];
i++;
}
i--;
// converting str[] variable into number for
// comparison
int ip = 0, j = 1;
while (i >= 0)
{
ip = ip + (str[i] - '0') * j;
j = j * 10;
i--;
}
// Class A
if (ip >=1 && ip <= 126)
return 'A';
// Class B
else if (ip >= 128 && ip <= 191)
return 'B';
// Class C
else if (ip >= 192 && ip <= 223)
return 'C';
// Class D
else if (ip >= 224 && ip <= 239)
return 'D';
// Class E
else
return 'E';
}
// Function to separate Network ID as well as
// Host ID and print them
void separate(char str[], char ipClass)
{
// Initializing network and host array to NULL
char network[12], host[12];
for (int k = 0; k < 12; k++)
network[k] = host[k] = '\0';
// for class A, only first octet is Network ID
// and rest are Host ID
if (ipClass == 'A')
{
int i = 0, j = 0;
while (str[j] != '.')
network[i++] = str[j++];
i = 0;
j++;
while (str[j] != '\0')
host[i++] = str[j++];
printf("Network ID is %s\n", network);
printf("Host ID is %s\n", host);
}
// for class B, first two octet are Network ID
// and rest are Host ID
else if (ipClass == 'B')
{
int i = 0, j = 0, dotCount = 0;
// storing in network[] up to 2nd dot
// dotCount keeps track of number of
// dots or octets passed
while (dotCount < 2)
{
network[i++] = str[j++];
if (str[j] == '.')
dotCount++;
}
i = 0;
j++;
while (str[j] != '\0')
host[i++] = str[j++];
printf("Network ID is %s\n", network);
printf("Host ID is %s\n", host);
}
// for class C, first three octet are Network ID
// and rest are Host ID
else if (ipClass == 'C')
{
int i = 0, j = 0, dotCount = 0;
// storing in network[] up to 3rd dot
// dotCount keeps track of number of
// dots or octets passed
while (dotCount < 3)
{
network[i++] = str[j++];
if (str[j] == '.')
dotCount++;
}
i = 0;
j++;
while (str[j] != '\0')
host[i++] = str[j++];
printf("Network ID is %s\n", network);
printf("Host ID is %s\n", host);
}
// Class D and E are not divided in Network
// and Host ID
else
printf("In this Class, IP address is not"
" divided into Network and Host ID\n");
}
// Driver function is to test above function
int main()
{
char str[] = "192.226.12.11";
char ipClass = findClass(str);
printf("Given IP address belongs to Class %c\n",
ipClass);
separate(str, ipClass);
return 0;
}
Java
// Java program to determine class, Network
// and Host ID of an IPv4 address
class NetworkId{
static String findClass(String str){
// Calculating first occurrence of '.' in str
int index = str.indexOf('.');
// First octate in str in decimal form
String ipsub = str.substring(0,index);
int ip = Integer.parseInt(ipsub);
// Class A
if (ip>=1 && ip<=126)
return "A";
// Class B
else if (ip>=128 && ip<=191)
return "B";
// Class C
else if (ip>=192 && ip<223)
return "C";
// Class D
else if (ip >=224 && ip<=239)
return "D";
// Class E
else
return "E";
}
static void separate(String str, String ipClass){
// Initializing network and host empty
String network = "", host = "";
if(ipClass == "A"){
int index = str.indexOf('.');
network = str.substring(0,index);
host = str.substring(index+1,str.length());
}else if(ipClass == "B"){
//Position of breaking network and HOST id
int index = -1;
int dot = 2;
for(int i=0;i<str.length();i++){
if(str.charAt(i)=='.'){
dot -=1;
if(dot==0){
index = i;
break;
}
}
}
network = str.substring(0,index);
host = str.substring(index+1,str.length());
}else if(ipClass == "C"){
//Position of breaking network and HOST id
int index = -1;
int dot = 3;
for(int i=0;i<str.length();i++){
if(str.charAt(i)=='.'){
dot -=1;
if(dot==0){
index = i;
break;
}
}
}
network = str.substring(0,index);
host = str.substring(index+1,str.length());
}else if(ipClass == "D" || ipClass == "E"){
System.out.println("In this Class, IP address"+
" is not divided into Network and Host IDs");
return;
}
System.out.println("Network ID is "+network);
System.out.println("Host ID is "+host);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String str = "192.226.12.11";
String ipClass = findClass(str);
System.out.println("Given IP address belings to Class "+ipClass);
separate(str,ipClass);
}
}
Python3
#function to determine the class of an Ip address
def findClass(ip):
if(ip[0] >= 0 and ip[0] <= 127):
return "A"
else if(ip[0] >=128 and ip[0] <= 191):
return "B"
else if(ip[0] >= 192 and ip[0] <= 223):
return "C"
else if(ip[0] >= 224 and ip[0] <= 239):
return "D"
else:
return "E"
#function to separate network and host id from the given ip address
def separate(ip, className):
#for class A network
if(className == "A"):
print("Network Address is : ", ip[0])
print("Host Address is : ", ".".join(ip[1:4]))
#for class B network
else if(className == "B"):
print("Network Address is : ", ".".join(ip[0:2]))
print("Host Address is : ", ".".join(ip[2:4]))
#for class C network
else if(className == "C"):
print("Network Address is : ", ".".join(ip[0:3]))
print("Host Address is : ", ip[3])
else:
print("In this Class, IP address is not divided into Network and Host ID")
#driver's code
if __name__ == "__main__":
ip = "192.226.12.11"
ip = ip.split(".")
ip = [int(i) for i in ip]
#getting the network class
networkClass = findClass(ip)
print("Given IP address belongs to class : ", networkClass)
#printing network and host id
ip = [str(i) for i in ip]
separate(ip, networkClass)
Producción:
Given IP address belongs to Class C Network ID is 192.226.12 Host ID is 11
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Artículo escrito por GeeksforGeeks-1 y traducido por Barcelona Geeks. The original can be accessed here. Licence: CCBY-SA