Dividir un número en 3 partes tal que ninguna de las partes sea divisible por 3

Se le asigna un número ‘N’. Tu tarea es dividir este número en 3 enteros positivos x, y y z, de modo que su suma sea igual a ‘N’ y ninguno de los 3 enteros sea múltiplo de 3. Dado que N>=2.
 

Ejemplos:  

Entrada: N = 10 
Salida: x = 1, y = 2, z = 7 
Tenga en cuenta que x + y + z = N y x, y & z no son divisibles por N.
Entrada: 18 
Salida: x = 1, y = 1, z = 16  

Enfoque: 
para dividir N en 3 números, dividimos N como 

1. Si N es divisible por 3, entonces los números x, y, z pueden ser 1, 1 y N-2, respectivamente. Todo x, y y z no son divisibles por 3. Y (1)+(1)+(N-2)=N .
2. Si N no es divisible por 3, entonces N-3 tampoco será divisible por 3. Por lo tanto, podemos tener x=1, y=2 y z=N-3. Además, (1)+(2)+( N-3)=N. 

// CPP program to split a number into three parts such
// than none of them is divisible by 3.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
 
void printThreeParts(int N)
{
    // Print x = 1, y = 1 and z = N - 2
    if (N % 3 == 0)
        cout << " x = 1, y = 1, z = " << N - 2 << endl;
 
    // Otherwise, print x = 1, y = 2 and z = N - 3
    else
        cout << " x = 1, y = 2, z = " << N - 3 << endl;
}
 
// Driver code
int main()
{
    int N = 10;
    printThreeParts(N);
    return 0;
}

// Java program to split a number into three parts such
// than none of them is divisible by 3.
import java.util.*;
 
class solution
{
 
static void printThreeParts(int N)
{
    // Print x = 1, y = 1 and z = N - 2
    if (N % 3 == 0)
         
        System.out.println("x = 1, y = 1, z = "+ (N-2));
 
    // Otherwise, print x = 1, y = 2 and z = N - 3
    else
        System.out.println(" x = 1, y = 2, z = "+ (N-3));
}
 
// Driver code
public static void main(String args[])
{
    int N = 10;
    printThreeParts(N);
     
}
}

# Python3 program to split a number into three parts such
# than none of them is divisible by 3.
 
def printThreeParts(N) :
 
    # Print x = 1, y = 1 and z = N - 2
    if (N % 3 == 0) :
        print(" x = 1, y = 1, z = ",N - 2)
 
    # Otherwise, print x = 1, y = 2 and z = N - 3
    else :
        print(" x = 1, y = 2, z = ",N - 3)
  
 
# Driver code
if __name__ == "__main__" :
  
    N = 10
    printThreeParts(N)
 
# This code is contributed by Ryuga

// C# program to split a number into three parts such
// than none of them is divisible by 3.
using System;
 
public class GFG{
    static void printThreeParts(int N)
{
    // Print x = 1, y = 1 and z = N - 2
    if (N % 3 == 0)
        Console.WriteLine(" x = 1, y = 1, z = "+(N - 2));
 
    // Otherwise, print x = 1, y = 2 and z = N - 3
    else
        Console.WriteLine(" x = 1, y = 2, z = "+(N - 3));
}
 
// Driver code
    static public void Main (){
    int N = 10;
    printThreeParts(N);
 
 
    }
// This code is contributed by ajit.
}

<?php
// PHP program to split a number into
// three parts such than none of them
// is divisible by 3.
function printThreeParts($N)
{
    // Print x = 1, y = 1 and z = N - 2
    if ($N % 3 == 0)
        echo " x = 1, y = 1, z = " .
                    ($N - 2) . "\n";
 
    // Otherwise, print x = 1,
    // y = 2 and z = N - 3
    else
        echo " x = 1, y = 2, z = " .
                    ($N - 3) . "\n";
}
 
// Driver code
$N = 10;
printThreeParts($N);
 
// This code is contributed by ita_c
?>

<script>
 
// javascript program to split a number into three parts such
// than none of them is divisible by 3.
 
function printThreeParts(N)
{
    // Print x = 1, y = 1 and z = N - 2
    if (N % 3 == 0)
         
        document.write("x = 1, y = 1, z = "+ (N-2));
 
    // Otherwise, print x = 1, y = 2 and z = N - 3
    else
        document.write(" x = 1, y = 2, z = "+ (N-3));
}
 
// Driver code
 
var N = 10;
printThreeParts(N);
 
 
// This code contributed by Princi Singh
 
</script>

x = 1, y = 2, z = 7

Complejidad temporal: O(1) , ya que no hay bucle ni recursión.

Espacio Auxiliar: O(1) , ya que no se ha ocupado ningún espacio extra.